Why is biofilm formation a concern in urinary catheters?

Biofilm formation is a significant concern in urinary catheters because it creates a protective barrier for bacteria, making them much more resistant to antibiotics and the immune system. When bacteria establish a biofilm on the surface of a catheter, they embed themselves within a matrix of polysaccharides and proteins that the bacteria secrete. This biofilm not only shields the bacteria from antibiotic treatment but also complicates the immune response. As a result, infections associated with catheters can become more challenging to treat, leading to persistent or recurrent urinary tract infections. Understanding this aspect is crucial for infection prevention and management in nursing home settings.