What characterizes TB Disease compared to Latent TB Infection?

The distinction between TB Disease and Latent TB Infection is crucial for understanding transmission and treatment. TB Disease is characterized by the active growth of the bacteria that causes tuberculosis, leading to symptoms such as persistent cough, fever, weight loss, and night sweats. Because the bacteria are actively multiplying in TB Disease, it can be transmitted to others when the infected person coughs or spreads droplets containing the bacteria into the air.

In contrast, Latent TB Infection occurs when a person carries the TB bacteria but does not exhibit any symptoms, and the bacteria are not actively growing. Individuals with latent TB are not contagious and cannot transmit the infection to others.

Recognizing that TB Disease involves active bacterial replication and the potential for spread underscores the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment to prevent outbreaks.